Personals

Personalities who have made a contribution to the development of Kyrgyz Statehood

Zhusup Balasaguni (1018-1070)

Zhusup Balasaguni was a philosopher, scientist, poet and thinker. He was born in Balasagun, that was located on the bank of the Chu River, near the present city of Tokmok. He wrote a famous piece - a poem "Kutadgu Bilig (" Beneficial Knowledge "). "The core of this book - writes Balasaguni - some timeless precious essences: first justice, the second happiness, the third intellect, the fourth-simplicity." This book gives the general principles of pedagogy and education of children. Look, so that your son is not sitting without work - Pointless is the whole life of those sitting without works. And if the man was severe to the children No one ever would dare to ridicule him.

Ormon Khan (1790-1853)

Son of the Sarybagysh manap, Niyazbek uulu Ormon in the second quarter of the XIX century, reaching the championship among the feudal nobility, makes an attempt to acquire power over the northern Kyrgyz tribes, but calls on all to unite. In 1842, he convened kurultai, which was attended by representatives of tribes of Sarybagysh, Solto, Sayak, Kushchu, Cherik, etc. At this kurultai Ormono was proclaimed a khan. He established his own symbol of authority, a flag, and passed a law, widely known under the name "Ormon okuu" ("Teaching of Ormon"), set of legislative decrees. Ormon Khan has taken steps to strengthen state foundations and principles, i.e. created a military structure, and also appointed advisers to the exercise the judicial functions. Ormon Khan actually made a single state entity. "Teaching of Ormon" gave normative character to traditions and rules that were shaped in folk life during centuries.

Kurmanjan Datka (1811-1907)

History remembers many women - community leaders, who subsequently became the heroines personifying the nation. But perhaps the most vivid and colorful personality among the women of eastern nations of the last century was Kurmanjan Datka Mamatbek kizi-an outstanding leader, well known as "the Alai queen". A woman who left a significant imprint in the political arena, whose name is inseparable from the history of the people, Kurmanjan Datca, like the mother of the nation, a symbol of intelligence, dedication and generosity, embodied the best features of not only the Kyrgyz, but of other Eastern women. For over 50 years of her reign, she fought hard against the fragmentation and isolation of her people, tried to rally them, which caused a lot of respect from her contemporaries. All her life she was not only a faithful wife, but her husband's, Alymbek’s, helpmate. She became the queen of the Alai Kyrgyz after her husband died. When her husband got killed, Khudoyar Khan of the Kokand with the support of Bukhara emir gave her the honorary title of “Datka”. Glorious daughter of the Kyrgyz people courageously stood for the freedom and independence of the nation. Having lived a long, difficult and, at the same time, happy life (96 years), she has become a truly national pride.

Shabdan Baatyr (1839-1912)

In the history of the Kyrgyz people Shabdan Dzhantaev, who in recognition was called Shabdan Baatyr already at a young age, came in as a bright leader, who had a significant spiritual influence on his people. He harmoniously combined the qualities of a warrior-peacemaker, who was rigorous in his decisions as the governor and as a good man with an open heart, who was responsive to the human misery and need. Even in childhood destiny sent him hard tests. In 1850, he was a hostage of the Kokand Khan. Much later Shabdan decided to take the Russian citizenship to free his people from the oppression of Kokand. His example was followed by the other lords of northern Kyrgyzstan. While serving in the irregular troops of the Russian army, in fact, he served as a wise counselor. A true patriot and a good politician, Shabdan worried a lot for his people. He was the first to urge his fellows to settle down and develop agriculture. Kalmurza-akin spoke of Shabdan Baatyr: "He gave a force to the weak, provided with the livestock the poor, the homeless – by a roof over their heads, strengthened the voice of those who was not heard, returned the faith to those who lost it." In June 1905 he sent a petition to Vernyi city, which was addressed to the Tsar Nikolai II, requesting the establishment of a Muslim congregation, the opening of madrasas and schools for their children in their native language, the introduction of indigenous people to the legislative representatives. He immortalized his name by openness, kindness, justice and generosity.